1. Seedling raising and potting
Generally, the southern lemon is grafted and propagated, while the northern part mainly uses the cutting method. Those who want to save time can also buy the grafted seedlings directly. The root system of lemon has high requirements for water, nutrient and soil. The soil for pot cultivation should be made into permeable and breathable soil, water and fertilizer conservation, and slightly acidic soil. The time of basin and basin changing can be controlled flexibly according to local climate.
2. Light and temperature
Lemon is a light loving plant, and the best growth temperature is 23-29 ℃. If the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, it will stop growing. In summer, it should be properly shaded at noon, and it will be frozen at minus 2 ℃. In winter, attention should be paid to heat preservation and cold prevention. In the north, potted lemon plants should be transplanted indoors to survive the winter safely.
3. Watering and fertilizing
Lemon needs more water in its growth and development, but too much water is not easy to rot root. Generally speaking, spring is the period of sprouting, budding and flowering, and proper watering is required. In summer, the light is strong and the temperature is high, so it needs more water. But should be timely and appropriate, otherwise it will cause fruit drop. Autumn is the period of shoot growth and fruit expansion in autumn, which requires sufficient water. The late autumn and winter are the flower bud differentiation period, while the basin soil is dry.
In addition to applying enough basic fertilizer in the pot and changing the basin, the principle of thin fertilizer and frequent application should be adhered to in the growth period of lemon. The frequency and amount of fertilizer application should be determined according to the growth trend and phenological period. If liquid fertilizer is applied, the cake fertilizer water with full fermentation is better, and the ratio of cake to water is 1:200. The soil in the north is alkaline, so ferrous sulfate can be added into the fertilizer solution to prepare a slightly acidic nutrient solution. Before flowering and after fruiting, the lemon plant should be fertilized several times, and the multi-element flower fertilizer should be applied once a month, and the flower nutrient solution should be sprayed once a half month to ensure that the fruit is not easy to fall off and the color is bright.
4. Pruning
Lemon potted plants generally change pots in spring. At this time, lemon inner bore branches, diseased branches, withered leaves and long branches can be cut off; in summer, proper pruning can be carried out on the branches without fruits and fruits, and the decaying branches in the middle and upper parts of the crown can be cut to prevent them from grabbing the nutrients of the fruit; in winter, the dead branches, short cut weak branches and long branches should be cut off according to the principle of "pruning the dense leaves and retaining the strong ones" .
5. Promoting flower and keeping fruit
Lemon is a tree species that blooms and bears fruit all the year round, while most of the potted plants in northern China blossom and bear fruit in spring. Therefore, water should be controlled after the growth of autumn shoots stops. When both sides of the leaf began to roll in, and then moderately watered to promote flower bud differentiation. Pay attention to the pot fertilization, foliar spray fertilizer, cultivate strong bearing mother branches. After fruit setting, according to the size of the plant, several or dozens of vigorous and healthy fruits without diseases and insect pests are left, and the remaining flowers are picked as soon as they are seen, so that the nutrients are concentrated in the young fruits.
6. Pest control
Summer and autumn are the season of lemon tree diseases and insect pests. Prevention is earlier and more active than treatment. You can spray the anther every half a month, at 9:00 a.m. or 4:00 p.m.
7. Change basin and soil
Potted lemon must be changed from March to April in spring. If the flowerpot is too small, you can change the suitable pot. If the pot is still suitable, the original pot can be replaced with new soil. When changing the pot, the bottom fertilizer should be applied.
